Tetramethylammonium hydroxide 25% 2.38% 75-59-2
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Description Tetramethylammonium hydroxide is a solid in hydrated form or a colorless liquid with a strong ammonia-like odour. Easily soluble in water and corrosive to metals and tissues. Chemical PropertiesColorless to yellow liquidUsesIndustrial ApplicationsRoles/Benefits Silicone Dimethylsilane
| describe | Tetramethylammonium hydroxide is a solid in hydrated form or a colorless liquid with a strong ammonia-like odour. Soluble in water, corrosive to metals and tissues. |
| chemical properties | Colorless to yellow liquid |
| use |
industry
application
Role/Interest
silicone
Production of dimethyl silicone oil, silicone resin, silicone rubber, etc.
Catalyst/easy to remove; no pollution to the product
Chemical analysis
Polarographic experiment
Polarographic reagents
Thermochemical effects to study fungal degradation of wood
Analytical reagents
chemical purification
Remove metallic elements
Ashless alkali/alkali source; precipitates metal elements
electronic
Computer silicon chip production
Brightener; anisotropic etchant; cleaning agent; photoresist developer
circuit board printing
detergent
semiconductor manufacturing
chemical stripper
others
Synthesis of ferrofluid
Surfactant/inhibition of nanoparticle aggregation
Synthesis of Zeolites
structure directing agent
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| use | Tetramethylammonium hydroxide is used to produce tetramethylammonium azide. It is used as anisotropic etchant for silicon, alkaline solvent in acidic photoresist development in photolithography process, surfactant in ferrofluid synthesis and polarographic reagent. Used in silicone production and used as computer silicon wafer surface brightener and cleaning agent. It is also involved in the purification of certain metallic elements. |
| use | Tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution (25% by weight in water) can be used as a base for pH adjustment to obtain hexagonal mesoporous aluminum phosphate (TAP). |
| general instructions | Tetramethylammonium hydroxide is a quaternary ammonium salt commonly used as an anisotropic etchant for silicon due to its high silicon etch rate. |
| reactive profile | Tetramethylammonium hydroxide acts like a base. Bases are chemically similar to sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or sodium oxide (Na2O). They release heat to neutralize the acid, forming salt and water. When they are dissolved in water, the pH of their solution is greater than 7.0. Mixing these materials with water generates a lot of heat as the base dissolves or dilutes. Bases react with certain metals, such as aluminum and zinc, to form oxides or hydroxides of the metals and produce gaseous hydrogen. Bases can initiate polymerization reactions in polymerizable organic compounds, especially epoxides. They may together with ammonium salts, nitrides, halogenated organics, various metals, peroxides and hydroperoxides produce flammable and/or toxic gases. This group of materials is commonly used as catalysts. |
| adventure | Strongly irritating to skin and tissue. |
| health hazard | Toxic; inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact may cause serious injury or death. Contact with molten material may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of exposure or inhalation may be delayed. Fires may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from firefighting or dilution water can be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution. |
| fire hazard | Combustible material: May burn but does not readily ignite. When heated, the vapors may form explosive mixtures with air: explosion hazard indoors, outdoors and in sewers. Contact with metal may liberate flammable hydrogen gas. Container may explode if heated. Runoff may pollute waterways. The substance can be transported in molten form. |
| Security overview | Toxic by subcutaneous route. Strongly corrosive. Corrosive to skin, eyes and mucous membranes. When heated and decomposed, toxic NOx and NH3 fumes are released. |
| Purification method | Chloride ions are removed through an ion exchange column (eg Amberlite IRA-400, prepared as OH by passing 2M NaOH until the effluent is free of chloride ions, then washing with distilled water until neutral). To obtain carbonate-free hydroxides, the method of Davies and Nancollas [Nature 165 237 1950] was adopted. [Berstein 4 IV 145. ] |
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