Industrial alcohol

Industrial alcohol, that is, the alcohol used in industry, is also called denatured alcohol and industrial alcohol. The purity of industrial alcohol is generally 95% and 99%. There are two main production methods: synthesis and brewing (raw coal or petroleum). The general cost of synthesis is very low and the ethanol content is high. The brewed industrial alcohol generally has an ethanol content of greater than or equal to 95% and a methanol content of less than 1%.
Chinese name Industrial alcohol Foreign name industrial ethanol Alias ​​denatured alcohol, industrial ethanol, denatured ethanol Water-soluble colorless transparent liquid with high appearance Application Industrial alcohol content is generally 95% and 99% Catalog 1 Ingredients 2 Toxicological properties 3
Main
uses
4
Storage
precautions
5 First aid method
composition editor broadcast
industrial ethanol content is generally 95% and 99%. (The chemical formula of ethanol is C2H5OH)
However, industrial alcohol often contains a small amount of impurities such as methanol, aldehydes, and organic acids, which greatly increases its toxicity. Drinking industrial alcohol can cause poisoning and even death. my country expressly prohibits the use of industrial alcohol to produce various alcoholic beverages.
Toxicological properties The editor reported that
industrial alcohol cannot be used for disinfection of the human body because methanol can cause poisoning. If used for skin disinfection, some of it will be absorbed by the skin. Severe poisoning can lead to blindness or even death.
Since the active ingredients of industrial alcohol and edible wine are ethanol, they are also used by some unscrupulous businesses to make edible wine. After this kind of "wine" is drunk, methanol poisoning will occur, so the wine blended with industrial alcohol is also called "poisoned wine".
Methanol is highly toxic and has the greatest impact on the human nervous system and blood system. It will produce toxic reactions when ingested through the digestive tract, respiratory tract or skin. Methanol vapor can damage human respiratory mucosa and vision. Symptoms of acute poisoning include: headache, nausea, stomach pain, fatigue, blurred vision and even blindness, followed by difficulty breathing, eventually leading to paralysis of the respiratory center and death. Chronic poisoning reactions include: dizziness, lethargy, headache, tinnitus, vision loss, and digestive disorders. A poisoning reaction will occur if the methanol intake exceeds 4g. If you take a small cup of more than 10g by mistake, you can cause blindness in both eyes, and if you drink a large amount, you will die. The lethal dose is more than 30mL. Methanol is not easy to excrete in the body, it will accumulate, and the formaldehyde and formic acid oxidized in the body are also toxic. In methanol production plants, relevant departments in my country stipulate that the allowable methanol concentration in the air is 50 mg/m3. Gas masks must be worn when working on-site where methanol gas is present. Wastewater must be treated before it can be discharged. The allowable content is less than 200 mg/L.
The mechanism of methanol poisoning is that the body oxidizes methanol into formaldehyde and then into formic acid. Formaldehyde and formic acid are actually extremely harmful to the human body, and then cause harm to the human body. Common symptoms are a feeling of being drunk first, followed by headache, nausea, vomiting, and blurred vision hours later. Drinking too much methanol can lead to the risk of death. The cause of blindness is that formic acid and formaldehyde, the metabolites of methanol, accumulate in the eyes through blood flow and damage visual nerve cells. Cranial nerves can also be destroyed, causing permanent damage. After formic acid enters the blood, it will make the tissues more and more acidic, damage the kidneys and lead to kidney failure. If you swallow methanol by mistake, you should drink milk to detoxify immediately or perform gastric lavage. Formaldehyde and formic acid are difficult to eliminate. This can buy time for the elimination of formaldehyde and formic acid.
Main purposes Editing and broadcasting
Industrial alcohol can be used in printing, electronics, hardware, spices, chemical synthesis, pharmaceutical synthesis, etc. Can be used as a cleaning agent, solvent. The application is very wide.
Storage Note Editing and Broadcasting
Store in a cool, ventilated warehouse. Keep away from fire and heat sources. Storage temperature should not exceed 30°C. Keep container tightly sealed. It should be stored separately from oxidants, acids, alkali metals, amines, etc., and should not be mixed. Explosion-proof lighting and ventilation facilities are adopted. It is prohibited to use mechanical equipment and tools that are prone to sparks. The storage area should be equipped with leakage emergency treatment equipment and suitable containment materials.
First aid method editor report
Methanol poisoning can usually be detoxified with ethanol. The principle is that methanol itself is non-toxic, but its metabolites are toxic, so it can be detoxified by inhibiting metabolism. Methanol and ethanol are metabolized by the same enzyme in the human body, and this enzyme has a greater affinity for ethanol. Therefore, people with methanol poisoning can relieve methanol metabolism by drinking hard liquor (alcohol content is usually above 60°), and then excrete it from the body. The formic acid produced by the metabolism of methanol can be neutralized by taking baking soda (sodium bicarbonate).
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