Propylene glycol methyl ether PM
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1-Methoxy-2-propanol is mainly used in the manufacture of varnishes and paints, as an antifreeze in industrial engines, as a tailing agent for inks used in ultra-high-speed printing machines, as a coupling agent for resins and dyes in water-based inks, and in cellulose , solvent for acrylic resins, dyes, inks and colorants. It is also used in cleaning products such as glass and carpet cleaners, carbon and grease removers, paint and varnish removers; and in pesticide formulations as a solvent for crops and animals.
| chemical properties | colorless liquid |
| chemical properties | Propylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether is a colorless liquid with a sweet ether-like odor and a bitter taste. Soluble in water, ether, acetone, benzene. |
| use | 1-Methoxy-2-propanol is mainly used in the manufacture of varnishes and paints, as an antifreeze in industrial engines, as a tailing agent for inks used in ultra-high-speed printing machines, as a coupling agent for resins and dyes in water-based inks, and in cellulose , solvent for acrylic resins, dyes, inks and colorants. It is also used in cleaning products such as glass and carpet cleaners, carbon and grease removers, paint and varnish removers; and in pesticide formulations as a solvent for crops and animals. |
| use | 1-Methoxy-2-propanol is used as a solvent for cellulose, acrylic resins, dyes, inks and cellophane. |
| use | 1-methoxy-2-propanol is a good biological indicator. |
| use | 1-methoxy-2-propanol is mainly used as solvent, dispersant and diluent, as well as fuel antifreeze and extractant. Used as a solvent for nitrocellulose, a compounding agent for brake fluid and detergent, etc. Widely used in coatings and cleaners. Can be used as an active solvent for water-based coatings; an active solvent and coupling agent for solvent-based printing inks; a solvent for ballpoint pens and fountain pens; a coupling agent and solvent for household and industrial cleaners, rust removers and hard surface cleaners; agricultural pesticides Solvent; mixed with propylene glycol n-butyl ether for use in glass cleaner formulations. |
| use | Glycol ethers and good biological indicators of exposure. |
| general instructions | colorless liquid. The flash point is near 89°F. Less dense than water. Contact may cause irritation to skin, eyes and mucous membranes. Prolonged exposure to vapors may cause coughing, shortness of breath, dizziness and poisoning. Vapor is heavier than air. Used as solvent and antifreeze. |
| air and water reaction | Highly flammable. Dissolved in water. Oxidizes readily in air to form unstable peroxides, which may explode [Bretherick 1979 p.151-154, 164]. |
| reactive profile | 1-Methoxy-2-propanol is a methoxy alcohol derivative. Aether is relatively inert. Alcohols combine with alkali metals, nitrides and strong reducing agents to produce flammable and/or toxic gases. They react with oxyacids and carboxylic acids to form esters and water. Oxidizing agents convert them into aldehydes or ketones. Alcohols exhibit weak acid and weak base behavior. They can initiate the polymerization of isocyanates and epoxides. |
| adventure | Flammable, moderate fire risk. TLV: 100ppm; STEL 150ppm. |
| health hazard | Vapor: Irritating to eyes, nose and throat. Liquid: Irritating to skin and eyes. |
| health hazard | 1-Methoxy-2-propanol is a mildly toxic substance. Methyl ether, diethyl ether, and butyl ether are less toxic than ethylene glycol. Symptoms of inhalation of high concentrations of poisoning are nausea, vomiting and general anesthesia. Toxic effects may be experienced by humans exposed to concentrations of 3000–4000 ppm. Oral and dermal toxicity in experimental animals was low. The effects are mild depression of the central nervous system and minor changes in the liver and kidneys. Recovery is fast. Irritation to rabbit skin and eyes Low LC50 value (rat): 7000 ppm/6 h LD50 value (rat): 5660 mg/kg. |
| fire hazard | Flammable. Flashbacks along vapor trails may occur. Vapors may explode if ignited in an enclosed area. |
| Flammability and explosiveness | Flammable |
| Security overview | The intravenous route is moderately toxic. Mildly toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin contact. Systemic effects of inhalation: general anesthesia, nausea. Irritating to skin and eyes. An experimental teratogen. Many glycol ethers have dangerous effects on human reproduction. Very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizing materials. When extinguishing fire, use foam, carbon dioxide, dry chemical. When heated and decomposed, acrid and irritating fumes are released. Used as a solvent seal for solvents and cellophane. See also glycol ether and glycol monomethyl ether. |
| synthesis | 1-Methoxy-2-propanol is used as a reagent in the synthesis of 2-amino-3-carboxy-4-phenylthiophene, which acts as a protein kinase C inhibitor. Also used as a reagent for the synthesis of metolachlor. |
| potential contact | Propylene glycol monomethyl ether is used as a solvent for paints; cellulose esters and acrylic resins; acrylic dyes; inks and stains. It can also be used as a heat transfer fluid. |
| Shipping | UN3092 1-METHOXY-2-PROPANOL, HAZARD CLASS: 3; LABEL: 3 - FLAMMABLE LIQUID. |
| Toxicity evaluation | Contact may cause irritation to skin, eyes and mucous membranes. Prolonged exposure to vapors may cause coughing, shortness of breath, dizziness and poisoning. Vapor is heavier than air. Used as solvent and antifreeze. The oral LD50 in rats is 6.6g/kg. Skin irritation is not obvious, but toxic doses can be absorbed through the skin. The main manifestations of animal poisoning are depression and incomplete anesthesia. Half of the rats died after being exposed to steam with a concentration of 40.18g/m3 for 5-6 hours. To study the effect of 1-methoxypropanol-2 (MEP) on stimulating inflammatory responses in human respiratory mucosa, we exposed 22 primary cell cultures of the nasal respiratory epithelium of healthy individuals to MEP concentrations at the German MAK level (100 ppm )) and 10 times concentration (1000ppm). |
| Incompatibility | Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Incompatible with oxidizing agents (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fire or explosion. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxo acids, epoxides, acid chlorides, anhydrides, isocyanates, aluminum and copper. Hygroscopic (i.e. absorbs moisture from the air). Reactive peroxides may slowly form during prolonged storage or exposure to air and light. |
| waste disposal | The material is dissolved or mixed with a flammable solvent and burned in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. All federal, state and local environmental regulations must be followed. |
| 1-Methoxy-2-propanol upstream and downstream product information |
| raw material | Propylene oxide --> (2S)-2-methoxy-1-propanol --> 1,2-dimethoxypropane --> Methanol --> Dimethyl carbonate --> Propylene glycol |
| Preparation products | 1-(3-methoxypropyl)-piperazine --> 1-(2-methoxy-1-methylethoxy)propan-2-ol --> (S)-(+)- 3-Chloro-1,2-propanediol --> (S)-(+)-1-methoxy-2-propanol --> 1-methoxy-2-propaneacetate |
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